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Modern methods of rainwater harvesting

 

The Modern methods of rainwater harvesting are categorized as under

1.      Percolation pit

A    Percolation pit is meant for a small catchment area like in individual houses. It is hand bore made in the soil with the help of an augur and filled with pebbles and river sand on top. The depth of these pits will be anywhere between 4 and 8m depending on the nature of soil.

2.      Absorption well

These are constructed using cement rings, with diameter ranging from 60 to 80 cm, readily available in the market. The depth depends on the nature of soil and the diameter depends on the number of rooftop pipes that are likely to be connected to each one of these wells. These wells are left unfilled and are covered with RCC slabs.

3.      Percolation well cum bore pit well

In areas where the soil is clayey, this type of bore pit with a depth of 3 to 4.5m can be used for rain water harvesting. Generally, a hand bore pit is dug with in this well and a PVC pipe of 15 cm diameter is inserted in to the bore for the entire length.

4.      Recharge trench cum injection well

This is ideally suited for areas where the horizon within 3 to 5 m is sandy and permeable and continues up to the water level under unconfined conditions ,by which copious water that is available can be easily recharged.

In this technique, a 1-2 m wide and 2-3 m deep trench is dug, the length of which depends on the site availability and volume of water to be handled. An injection well of 100 to 150 mm diameter is constructed, piercing through the layers of impermeable horizons to trenches. Depending upon the volume of water to be injected, the number of injection wells can be increased to enhance the recharging rate.     

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